I lost my MoJo while working on other lures, so I came back to the question. A lot of people have asked this question before, so I thought it might be fun to do some observations with possible primers. This is not scientific, so if you have different results, let us know.
I called WASCO and for their fiberglass molds they sell a lacquer based primer. Of course, this takes some time to dry and you cannot use it inside without a vent hood, mask, etc. I did consider it, but I just don't want to go down that road. Their Tec suggested that I might try a polyurethane. He said that with the fiberglass, it is a problem with the super slick finish. I believe that this is part of the "issue" with the foam and the white.
I had semi-gloss polyurethane (clear), a Krylon satin finish spray acrylic, and a can of black Krylon Fusion. For those that are interested, "Fusion" is suppose to bond to all plastics. I sprayed test samples of the AL White and Alumifoam and let them dry overnight. Note that the Fusion is dry in 15 minutes and the other two seemed to be dry in less than a half hour, but I wanted to give a fair test.
Alumifoam --
I sprayed the Polytranspar superhide white on a test sample without a primer. As expected, it looked like it beaded. Upon a closer look under a magnifier, Alumifoam skins over, but there are high and low spots as the bubbles expand. Without a primer, the high spots shed the wet paint and it migrated to the low spots, appearing to bead. I added a few drops of Isopropyl Alcohol to a batch of paint to see if that would smooth it out but it made it worse. I tried glycerin as well, but it had no change other than to slow down the drying.
Next I sprayed the superhide white on each of the "primer" samples. I let it dry about 10 minutes then gave it a good heating with a heat gun. I then checked out the results.
Krylon Fusion - The black sure showed off the high and low spots, but it all covered without beading. The superhide covered very well without beading. Nevertheless, I would not suggest white over black in normal practice.
It was much harder to scratch the paint off the foam with the fusion, but it was still possible to scratch it off with a fingernail.
Krylon Acrylic - The superhide white covered very well, again without beading. It was much harder to scratch off the paint, even harder than with the Fusion. Still, it could be scratched off.
Min Wax Polyurethane - The superhide white covered very well, also without beading. It was almost as hard as the acrylic to scratch the paint off, but as before it was still possible.
Summary, if you don't mind using a solvent based primer, the Krylon Acrylic and the Min Wax Polyurethane made for great coverage, improved adhesion, but a premium top coat is still needed. None of the tested materials would build up enough to even consider them for a top coat. The Krylon Fusion was better than no primer, but it was not my favorite.
Alumilite White --
I had no need to test the White with any additive, so I just went to the Superhide White over the primers. All primers covered extremely easy and showed no sign of beading.
Krylon Fusion - After spraying with the superhide white and drying per the above procedure, I could not scratch the paint off with my fingernail. A sharp object could scratch the finish with some work.
Krylon Acrylic - Again, I could not scratch the paint off with my fingernail. It took about the same amount of work as the Fusion to scratch with the sharp object.
Min Wax Polyurethane - See above, same results.
Summary, if you don't mind using a solvent based primer, then all three made for great coverage, improved adhesion, but a premium top coat is still needed. None of the tested materials would build up enough to even consider them for a top coat.
Conclusion:
If a primer is desired, I would probably get the Krylon Acrylic. I would spray lightly outside so I did not need a hood. I would then take inside to dry in a dust free area. Because most, if not all, of our airbrush painting is with water based paint, it will adhere well to the acrylic because it is also acrylic.
For the Alumilite White, if you keep it clean and free of oils, you probably don't need a primer if you use Createx. If you feel a need to improve adhesion, you can lightly sand the lure before painting to roughen it up, or wipe it with acetone to soften and clean the plastic. Still, if you have a lot of surface detail you are trying to protect, the Acrylic primer would work well. For the Alumifoam, a light sanding opens the pours and you can get some better adhesion as well. I don't suggest the acetone for the foam. The acrylic would sure add options to improving paint adhesion.
Cover the above paint jobs with Enviro Tec or Devcon 2 Ton and they should last a life time.